#include
#include
#include
#define ll long long
using namespace std;
ll getC(ll N,ll R){
if(R>N-R)
R=N-R;
if(R==0)
return 1;
ll Num=1;
ll Den=1;
while® {
Num*=N;
Den*=R;
ll dvsr=__gcd(Num,Den);
Num/=dvsr;
Den/=dvsr;
N–;
R–;
}
return Num;
}
int main() {
int t;
cin>>t;
ll inp[t][2];
for(int i=0;i<t;i++)
cin>>inp[i][0]>>inp[i][1];
for(int i=0;i<t;i++)
if( inp[i][0]==inp[i][1])
cout<<"1"<<endl;
else if(inp[i][0] < inp[i][1])
cout<<"0"<<endl;
else
cout<<getC(inp[i][0]-1,inp[i][1]-1)<<endl;
return 0;
}