Not able to understand how I can go for negative indexes

Since there are no negative indices in C++, I am not able to understand how I can jump from the first element of the array to the last element of the array and beyond.

Use (index + N) % N for positive wrapping and (index - 1 + N) % N for negative wrapping in cyclic arrays.

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Can you please elaborate about how you got the formulas for positive and negative wrapping respectively?

The formulas for positive and negative wrapping in cyclic arrays use modular arithmetic to ensure indices stay within bounds.

  • Positive wrapping: (index + N) % N
    • Adds N and then reduces to within [0, N-1] range.
  • Negative wrapping: (index - 1 + N) % N
    • Subtracts 1, adjusts by adding N , then reduces to within [0, N-1] range.

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Can you please provide a video lecture on this concept so that I can understand this wrapping concept better?

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