Did not understand how to solve the given code

#1

please tell how we take input as 12 and output 13 please explain

#2

Coin 12 can be exchanged with 12/2, 12/3 and 12/4
Giving 6+4+3=13
This way input 12 gives output as 13.

So here you can do something like this:

dp[0]=0;dp[1]=1;dp[2]=2;dp[3]=3;dp[4]=4; //Initializing

for(lli i=5;i<=n;i++){
dp[i]=max(i,dp[i/2]+dp[i/3]+dp[i/4]);
}

#3

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